1 "Marine plastic pollution." IUCN. Accessed 23rd December 2022. https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-brief/marine-plastic-pollution
2 “Comprehensive assessment on marine litter and plastic pollution confirms need for urgent global action.” UN Environment Programme. 21 October 2021. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/comprehensive-assessment-marine-litter-and-plastic-pollution#:~:text=The%20report%20highlights%20that%20plastic,per%20meter%20of%20coastline%20worldwide.
3 Philip Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
4 Ritchie, Hannah and Max Roser. “Plastic Pollution”. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/plastic-pollution
5 Philip Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
6 Philip Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
7 “Contaminants in Europe’s Seas Moving Towards a Clean, Non-Toxic Environment.” European Environment Agency. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/contaminants-in-europes-seas
8 “Plastic pollution in oceans on track to rise for decades.” AP News. 8 February 2022. https://apnews.com/article/science-business-united-nations-oceans-pollution-c04c769548be45d740d7f5d165edd25f
9 "Marine plastic pollution." IUCN. Accessed 23rd December 2022. https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-brief/marine-plastic-pollution
10 “The 17 Goals.” United Nations Department of Social and Economic Affairs. https://sdgs.un.org/goals
11 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources”. Sustainable Development Goal Tracker. https://sdg-tracker.org/oceans
12 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources”. Sustainable Development Goal Tracker. https://sdg-tracker.org/oceans
13 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources”. Sustainable Development Goal Tracker. https://sdg-tracker.org/oceans
14 “Our Ocean. Our Future: Call for Action”. United Nations https://oceanconference.un.org/callforaction
15 Philip Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
16 Alice Horton. “Plastic pollution: When do we know enough?” Journal of Hazardous Materials. Volume 422.15 January 2022. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389421018537
17 Data from Dimensions, using search term “plastic pollution” in Title and Abstract, 18 November 2022
18 Data from Dimensions, using search term “ocean plastic” in Title and Abstract, 18 November 2022
19 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources”. Sustainable Development Goal Tracker. https://sdg-tracker.org/oceans
20 Data from Dimensions, using search term “ocean plastic” in Title and Abstract with the classification ‘Sustainable Development Goals’, 18 November 2022
21 Scott Snowden. Atlantic Ocean Contains More Plastic Than Previously Thought, According To Study. Forbes. 18 August 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottsnowden/2020/08/18/atlantic-ocean-contains-more-plastic/?ref=altdnt&sh=42e6b48d3f07
22 “High concentrations of plastic hidden beneath the surface of the Atlantic Ocean”. Altmetric. Accessed 23 November 2022. https://www.altmetric.com/details/88457352
23 Seth Bornstein. “Study: 1 to 2 million tons of US plastic trash go astray.” Yahoo News. October 30 2018. https://news.yahoo.com/study-1-2-million-tons-180327671.html
24 “The United States’ contribution of plastic waste to land and ocean.” Altmetric. Accessed 23 November 2022. https://www.altmetric.com/details/93471281
25 Data for articles from the full Altmetric database with keywords containing “plastic ocean”
26 “Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean.” Altmetric. Accessed 23 November 2022. https://www.altmetric.com/details/3548516
27 Jenna Jambeck et al. “Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean.” Science.org. Vol 347, NO 6223. pp.768-771. 13 February 2015. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1260352
28 Lucy Goodchild Van Hilten. “How long does LEGO last in the ocean?” Altmetric. 19 October 2022. https://www.altmetric.com/blog/how-long-does-lego-last-in-the-ocean/
29 Alice Horton. “Plastic pollution: When do we know enough?” Journal of Hazardous Materials. Volume 422.15 January 2022. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389421018537
30 “An ocean of plastic waste going into the ocean calculated.” University of California. 12 February 2015. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150212154525.htm
31 Robin De Vries. “Using AI to monitor plastics density in the ocean.” 26 January 2022. https://theoceancleanup.com/updates/using-artificial-intelligence-to-monitor-plastic-density-in-the-ocean/
32 Brad Plumber. “Every single ocean has a massive swirling plastic garbage patch.” VOX. 14 July 2014. https://www.vox.com/2014/7/12/5891817/plastic-garbage-patches
33 Philip Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
34 Robin De Vries. “Using AI to monitor plastics density in the ocean.” 26 January 2022. https://theoceancleanup.com/updates/using-artificial-intelligence-to-monitor-plastic-density-in-the-ocean/
35 “World’s plastic waste mapped from space using AI.” Engineering and Technology. 10 May 2022. https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2022/05/worlds-plastic-waste-mapped-from-space-for-the-first-time/
36 Peter Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831
37 “Where is the Value in the Chain? Pathways out of Plastic Pollution.” World Bank Group. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/37285/9781464818813.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y
38 “Things you need to know about India’s plastic ban 2022.” Greenpeace India. 20 July 2022. https://www.greenpeace.org/india/en/story/13891/things-you-need-to-know-about-indias-plastic-ban-2022/
39 Axelle Parriaux. “Do single-use plastic bans work?” BBC Future. 13 July 2022. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220711-do-single-use-plastic-bans-work
40 “Comprehensive assessment on marine litter and plastic pollution confirms need for urgent global action.” UN Environment Programme. 21 October 2021. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/comprehensive-assessment-marine-litter-and-plastic-pollution#:~:text=The%20report%20highlights%20that%20plastic,per%20meter%20of%20coastline%20worldwide
41 “Plastic Pollution Affects Sea Life Throughout the Ocean.” PEW. 24 September 2018. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2018/09/24/plastic-pollution-affects-sea-life-throughout-the-ocean#:~:text=Scientists%20estimate%20that%2060%20percent,to%2099%20percent%20by%202050.&text=While%20dolphins%20are%20highly%20intelligent,that%20have%20ingested%20synthetic%20compounds
42 "Marine plastic pollution." IUCN. Accessed 23rd December 2022. https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-brief/marine-plastic-pollution
43 “Comprehensive assessment on marine litter and plastic pollution confirms need for urgent global action.” UN Environment Programme. 21 October 2021. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/comprehensive-assessment-marine-litter-and-plastic-pollution#:~:text=The%20report%20highlights%20that%20plastic,per%20meter%20of%20coastline%20worldwide
44 “Plastic Pollution Affects Sea Life Throughout the Ocean.” PEW. 24 September 2018. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2018/09/24/plastic-pollution-affects-sea-life-throughout-the-ocean#:~:text=Scientists%20estimate%20that%2060%20percent,to%2099%20percent%20by%202050.&text=While%20dolphins%20are%20highly%20intelligent,that%20have%20ingested%20synthetic%20compounds
45 Data from Dimensions, using search term “coral reef conservation” and “marine plastic pollution” within Title and Abstract, 18 November 2022
46 Philip Landrigan et al. “Human Health and Ocean Pollution.” Annals of Global Health, 86(1), p.151. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.2831